Chapter 2 Theory and Practice: Foundations for Effective Technology Integration

In chapter two the Technology Integration Planning Model or “TIP Model” is discussed. This model has six different phases that will help teachers to plan for the effective use of technology in the classroom.

Phase one is “technological pedagogical content knowledge.” This step is concerned with teachers as critical consumers who are aware of their technological knowledge in various areas.

Phase two is “ relative advantage.” This is “deciding on instructional problems and whether or not a technology-based solution would be better than other ways of addressing the problems.”

Phase three is “objectives and assessments” This has to do with making clear the desired outcome of a lesson and matching the assessment to the objectives. These concern achievement, attitudes, and performance.

Phase four is “integration strategies.” This is deciding which activities that incorporate technology to use that will help the students learn.

Phase five is “ instructional environment.” This is creating the conditions that will support activities.

Phase six is “evaluation and revision.” This is where data is collected in order to reflect and see if the objectives were met and if the activities were successful. This is the place for reflection upon what should be improved for the next time.

The TIP model provides teachers with very important steps for consideration during lesson planning. By using this model not only will it help teachers to use technology but also to plan effective lessons regardless of how much technology is integrated. Some of these steps are very similar to how a teacher would regularly create a lesson plan, such as step three where the teacher creates the objectives. This model however expands on the everyday considerations a teacher would have when creating a lesson plan in order to make the planning more effective.